Mantle plumes and flood basalts: Enhanced melting from plume ascent and an eclogite component
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Flood basalts and hot-spot tracks: plume heads and tails.
Continental flood basalt eruptions have resulted in sudden and massive accumulations of basaltic lavas in excess of any contemporary volcanic processes. The largest flood basalt events mark the earliest volcanic activity of many major hot spots, which are thought to result from deep mantle plumes. The relative volumes of melt and eruption rates of flood basalts and hot spots as well as their te...
متن کاملContinuous eclogite melting and variable refertilisation in upwelling heterogeneous mantle
Large-scale tectonic processes introduce a range of crustal lithologies into the Earth's mantle. These lithologies have been implicated as sources of compositional heterogeneity in mantle-derived magmas. The model being explored here assumes the presence of widely dispersed fragments of residual eclogite (derived from recycled oceanic crust), stretched and stirred by convection in the mantle. H...
متن کاملMantle flow, melting, and dehydration of the Iceland mantle plume
Recent studies have shown that the extraction of water from the mantle due to partial melting beneath mid-ocean ridges may increase the viscosity of the residuum by 2–3 orders of magnitude. We examine this rheological effect on mantle flow and melting of a ridge-centered mantle plume using three-dimensional numerical models. Results indicate that the viscosity increase associated with dehydrati...
متن کاملTemperatures in Ambient Mantle and Plumes: Constraints from Basalts, Picrites, and Komatiites
[1] Several methods have been developed to assess the thermal state of the mantle below oceanic ridges, islands, and plateaus, on the basis of the petrology and geochemistry of erupted lavas. One leads to the conclusion that mantle potential temperature (i.e., TP) of ambient mantle below oceanic ridges is 1430 C, the same as Hawaii. Another has ridges with a large range in ambient mantle potent...
متن کاملDynamics of thermochemical plumes: 2. Complexity of plume structures and its implications for mapping mantle plumes
[1] The mantle plume hypothesis provides explanations for several major observations of surface volcanism. The dynamics of plumes with purely thermal origin has been well established, but our understanding of the role of compositional variations in the Earth’s mantle on plume formation is still incomplete. In this study we explore the structures of plumes originating from a thermochemical bound...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
سال: 2001
ISSN: 0148-0227
DOI: 10.1029/2000jb900307